October 1st, 2026

What helps implementing the co-creation process — and what can get in the way?

A new YoPA study published in Health Promotion International explores this question by examining the first phase of the YoPA co-creation process across Denmark, Nigeria, South Africa and the Netherlands.

Led by Maria Fernanda Souza, one of YoPA’s PhD students at Universidade Lusófona, Portugal, and co-authored by YoPA and external researchers, the study analysed 22 semi-structured interviews with facilitators, researchers and external stakeholders, together with 61 logbooks documenting Phase One co-creation sessions.

The data were analysed using the novel PROSECO process-evaluation framework, followed by the development of exploratory Context–Mechanism–Outcome (CMO) configurations to understand the mechanisms shaping those barriers and facilitators.

The findings highlight the importance of group dynamics, partnerships, contextual influences, and resources and support. They also show how creating psychologically safe spaces, fostering horizontal communication and adapting activities to young people’s needs can support meaningful participation — while complex concepts, limited resources and contextual challenges can make the process more difficult.

The study offers practical insights for researchers and practitioners working with young people through co-creation, while also contributing to the development and application of the PROSECO process-evaluation framework.

👉 Read the full open-access paper in Health Promotion International